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Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Florida: West Nile, Dengue, and What You Should Know

March 15, 2026 Β· Mosquito Shield of Boca & Fort Lauderdale

Eric Vincent, Owner of Mosquito Shield of Boca and Fort Lauderdale
Eric Vincent
Owner & Licensed Pest Control Operator

Eric holds a degree in Pest Control Technology from the University of Florida and carries all five Florida pest control license categories: General Household Pest, Rodent, Lawn & Ornamental, Wood Destroying Organisms, and Public Health (License JB313837). He personally developed Mosquito Shield's proprietary Mosquito Protection Blend and has been treating South Florida properties for over a decade. When he is not in the field, he is behind every piece of content on this site.

UF Pest Control TechnologyLicense JB313837General Household PestRodentLawn & OrnamentalWood Destroying OrganismsPublic Health

Florida ranks among the highest-risk states in the US for mosquito-borne illness. The combination of warm temperatures, heavy rainfall, year-round mosquito activity, and a constant flow of international travelers creates conditions where diseases like West Nile virus, dengue, and Zika can circulate. Here's what's actually present in Broward and Palm Beach counties β€” and what you can do about it.

Infographic showing mosquitoes kill 725,000 people per year β€” more than any other animal
Source: WHO. Mosquitoes kill more humans per year than any other animal on the planet.

Diseases Active in South Florida

West Nile Virus

Annual β€” detected every year in South Florida

Vector

Culex quinquefasciatus (Southern House Mosquito)

Transmission

Infected birds β†’ Culex mosquito β†’ human bite. Does NOT spread person-to-person.

Symptoms

80% have no symptoms. 20% develop fever, headache, body aches, fatigue. Less than 1% develop serious neurological disease.

Highest Risk

Adults 60+, immunocompromised individuals

Local context

Confirmed cases reported in Broward and Palm Beach counties most years. Florida Department of Health tracks this actively.

Dengue Fever

Present β€” locally transmitted cases occur

Vector

Aedes aegypti (Yellow Fever Mosquito) and Aedes albopictus (Asian Tiger Mosquito)

Transmission

Infected person β†’ Aedes mosquito β†’ next human bite. NOT bird-borne. Spreads human-to-human through mosquitoes.

Symptoms

High fever, severe headache, pain behind eyes, joint and muscle pain, rash. Sometimes called 'breakbone fever' due to intense body aches.

Highest Risk

People with prior dengue infection are at higher risk of severe dengue (dengue hemorrhagic fever) on second infection.

Local context

Miami-Dade has seen the most local transmission in recent years. Broward and Palm Beach have had confirmed locally-acquired cases. Imported cases (travelers returning from endemic countries) are frequent across South Florida.

Zika Virus

Low currently β€” was locally transmitted in Miami 2016–2017

Vector

Aedes aegypti primarily; also Aedes albopictus

Transmission

Mosquito bite, or person-to-person through sexual contact. Can be transmitted from pregnant mother to fetus.

Symptoms

Mild illness in most: fever, rash, joint pain, red eyes. Serious concern is microcephaly and other birth defects in fetuses of infected pregnant women.

Highest Risk

Pregnant women or those planning pregnancy

Local context

Local transmission ended after 2017. Sporadic imported cases still occur. Risk of renewed local transmission exists if Aedes aegypti populations are not controlled.

Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE)

Rare but serious β€” Florida has highest US incidence

Vector

Culiseta melanura and other Culex species β€” primarily in swampy areas

Transmission

Infected birds and reptiles β†’ mosquito β†’ human bite

Symptoms

Most infections asymptomatic. Rare neurological disease is severe with up to 30% fatality rate.

Highest Risk

Residents near swamps, wetlands, and forested areas. Most rural than suburban.

Local context

Cases reported in Florida nearly every year, mostly in rural and semi-rural areas. The Everglades corridor and areas west of I-95 carry higher risk than coastal suburbs.

How to Protect Your Family

No single measure eliminates mosquito-borne disease risk, but layered protection works well:

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Reduce breeding sites

Eliminate standing water on your property. Mosquitoes need very little water to breed β€” a clogged gutter, a plant saucer, a tarp puddle.

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Professional barrier spray

Regular treatment suppresses the adult mosquito population in your yard, reducing overall bite exposure throughout the season.

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Personal repellent

Use EPA-registered repellents (DEET, picaridin, IR3535) when spending time outdoors, especially around dawn and dusk.

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Cover up

Long sleeves and pants during peak biting times (dusk and dawn) significantly reduce exposure. Light colors are slightly less attractive to mosquitoes.

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Maintain screens

Make sure window and door screens are intact and without gaps. Check for tears, especially in older mesh.

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Monitor local alerts

The Florida Department of Health tracks mosquito-borne disease activity by county. Broward and Palm Beach health departments issue alerts during elevated-risk periods.

Common Questions

Are mosquito-borne diseases common in Florida?+

Florida has a higher risk than most US states due to its subtropical climate, year-round mosquito populations, and significant international travel and trade through Miami. West Nile virus is detected in Florida every year. Dengue outbreaks have occurred in Miami-Dade and Key West. Zika was locally transmitted in Miami in 2016–2017. The risk is real but manageable with proper protection.

What is the most common mosquito-borne disease in South Florida?+

West Nile virus is the most consistently detected mosquito-borne disease in South Florida. It circulates annually in Broward and Palm Beach counties, primarily through Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes feeding on infected birds then biting humans. Most infected people (about 80%) have no symptoms, but serious neurological disease is possible in a small percentage.

Has dengue been found in Broward or Palm Beach County?+

Yes. While the largest recent dengue clusters have been in Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties have also had confirmed locally-acquired cases. The primary vector, Aedes aegypti, is present throughout South Florida including Boca Raton and Fort Lauderdale. Dengue cases from returning travelers are reported every year across the region.

Does professional mosquito spray reduce disease risk?+

Yes. Reducing the overall mosquito population in your yard directly reduces your exposure to bites β€” which is your primary risk of infection. Our service targets the species most associated with disease transmission (Aedes and Culex) and keeps populations suppressed through the season. It's one layer of protection that works alongside personal repellent use.

What are symptoms of West Nile virus?+

About 80% of people infected with West Nile virus have no symptoms. Of those who do get sick, most experience fever, headache, body aches, and fatigue (West Nile fever). Less than 1% develop neurological complications (encephalitis or meningitis), which are serious. Older adults and immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk for severe disease.

This post is for general educational purposes. For medical advice or to report suspected mosquito-borne illness, contact your healthcare provider or the Florida Department of Health in your county.

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